Что (кто) такое Ḥiyal - определение

Ḥiyal (حيل, singular ḥīla حيلة "contortion, contrivance; device, subterfuge"from a very polysemic root حول meaning "to change, alter, transform, turn around, transmit, divert" etc.; Lane (I.

The Book of Ingenious Devices (Arabic: كتاب الحيل Kitab al-Hiyal, Persian: كتاب ترفندها Ketab tarfandha, literally: "The Book of Tricks") is a large illustrated work on mechanical devices, including automata, published in 850 by the three brothers of Persian descent, known as the Banu Musa (Ahmad, Muhammad and Hasan bin Musa ibn Shakir) working at the House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) in Baghdad, Iraq, under the Abbasid Caliphate.Dimarogonas, 2000, p.